Cassetti

I cassetti sono dei pannelli che scivolano fuori dai lati della finestra dell'applicazione. Possono essere popolati con degli elementi interattivi quali azioni di Kirigami, pulsanti, testo e altro.

I cassetti arrivano in diversi tipi, forme e moduli. In questa pagina esamineremo tutti i tipi, e forniremo una panoramica sulle loro caratteristiche.

Cassetto globale

Il cassetto globale è una funzionalità standard delle applicazioni di KDE per dispositivi mobili, ma può essere trovata anche nella loro incarnazione per desktop. Contiene un menu principale dell'applicazione: vengono incluse qui molte funzioni che non sono specifiche per la pagina corrente ma che sono sempre significative per la navigazione generale o con l'interazione dell'applicazione.

It can be activated by tapping the hamburger menu or by swiping from the left edge to the middle of the screen in Left to Right mode or from the right edge in Right to Left mode.

Kirigami.GlobalDrawer components are what we use to create such drawers. These are set to the globalDrawer property of the Kirigami.ApplicationWindow that forms the basis of our Kirigami application.

import QtQuick
import org.kde.kirigami as Kirigami

Kirigami.ApplicationWindow {
    title: "Drawers App"
    width: 600
    height: 600
    pageStack.initialPage: Kirigami.Page { /* Page code here... */ }

    globalDrawer: Kirigami.GlobalDrawer {
        title: "Global Drawer"
        titleIcon: "applications-graphics"
        actions: [
            Kirigami.Action {
                text: "Kirigami Action 1"
                icon.name: "user-home-symbolic"
                onTriggered: showPassiveNotification("Action 1 clicked")
            },
            Kirigami.Action {
                text: "Kirigami Action 2"
                icon.name: "settings-configure-symbolic"
                onTriggered: showPassiveNotification("Action 2 clicked")
            },
            Kirigami.Action {
                text: i18n("Quit")
                icon.name: "application-exit-symbolic"
                shortcut: StandardKey.Quit
                onTriggered: Qt.quit()
            }
        ]
    }
}

Intestazione

Headers can be used to place sticky components at the top of your global drawer. Header components will stay in place even if your global drawer contains nested Kirigami actions that replace the current layer on the global drawer.

Your chosen header component can be set with the global drawer's header property, and it will replace the global drawer's title. This is useful to add a Kirigami.SearchField, for example:

import QtQuick
import org.kde.kirigami as Kirigami

Kirigami.ApplicationWindow {
    title: "Drawers App"
    width: 600
    height: 600
    pageStack.initialPage: Kirigami.Page { /* Page code here... */ }

    globalDrawer: Kirigami.GlobalDrawer {
        title: "Global Drawer with searchfield (not visible)"

        header: Kirigami.SearchField {
                id: searchField
        }

        actions: [
            Kirigami.Action {
                text: "Kirigami Action 1"
                icon.name: "user-home-symbolic"
                onTriggered: showPassiveNotification("Action 1 clicked")
            },
            Kirigami.Action {
                text: "Kirigami Action 2"
                icon.name: "settings-configure-symbolic"
                onTriggered: showPassiveNotification("Action 2 clicked")
            },
            Kirigami.Action {
                text: i18n("Quit")
                icon.name: "application-exit-symbolic"
                shortcut: StandardKey.Quit
                onTriggered: Qt.quit()
            }
        ]
    }
}

Adattamento al tuo desktop

While panel-style global drawers can be useful in mobile environments, they might be too large on the desktop, especially when the application has few actions.

Thankfully, Kirigami global drawers provide an isMenu property. When set to true, they turn into more traditional menus only on the desktop.

globalDrawer: Kirigami.GlobalDrawer {
    isMenu: true

    actions: [
        // Kirigami Actions here...
    ]
}

Context Drawers

While a Kirigami.GlobalDrawer displays global actions available throughout your application, a Kirigami.ContextDrawer should be used to display actions that are only relevant in certain contexts. This is usually used in separate pages.

A context drawer will only show up if any contextualActions have been created as part of the Page.actions group. It also behaves differently depending on whether it is being used on a mobile platform or on a desktop.

On a desktop, when a window has enough space, contextual actions show up as part of the actions group in the top toolbar. When space is limited, such as on a mobile device or in a narrow window, contextual actions are hidden behind a hamburger menu on the right side. This is different from other actions in the actions group, namely actions.main, actions.left and actions.right; these do not get hidden in space-constrained windows, and are instead collapsed into their respective icons.

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import org.kde.kirigami as Kirigami

Kirigami.ApplicationWindow {
    title: "Drawers App"
    height: 600
    width: 1200
    minimumWidth: 500

    globalDrawer: Kirigami.GlobalDrawer {}
    contextDrawer: Kirigami.ContextDrawer {}

    pageStack.initialPage: [ emptyPage, contextDrawerPage ]

    Kirigami.Page {
        title: "Empty page"
        id: emptyPage
    }

    Kirigami.Page {
        id: contextDrawerPage
        title: "Context Drawer page"

        actions: [
            Kirigami.Action {
                icon.name: "media-record"
            },
            Kirigami.Action {
                icon.name: "arrow-left"
            },
            Kirigami.Action {
                icon.name: "arrow-right"
            },
            Kirigami.Action {
                text: "Contextual Action 1"
                icon.name: "media-playback-start"
            },
            Kirigami.Action {
                text: "Contextual Action 2"
                icon.name: "media-playback-stop"
            }
        ]
    }
}

On mobile, the drawer always consists of actions hidden behind a hamburger menu. It can be activated by tapping the hamburger menu or by swiping from the right edge to the middle of the screen in Left to Right mode or from the left edge in Right to Left mode.

Cassetti modali e in linea

Kirigami offers two additional types of drawers, modal drawers and inline drawers. They are quite similar to each other: both span the entirety of the application's width or height and can be placed on the edges of the app window. However, they do react differently to user interaction.

• Modal drawers are hidden by default and darken the rest of the application, being dismissed when clicking on a darkened area.
• Inline drawers are shown by default and allow the user to still interact with the rest of the application without being dismissed, and do not darken other areas.

This kind of drawer is open ended and flexible, but generally, you may want to use this kind of drawer when you want a small list of options to appear on a long press or right click.

These two drawers are so similar because they can, in fact, be implemented using the same Kirigami component: Kirigami.OverlayDrawer. Here are a few important inherited properties of this component to keep in mind:

• Popup.modal controls whether the drawer will be modal or inline depending on a boolean value.
• Drawer.edge controls which edge of the application window the drawer will appear on; options for this property are part of the Edge enum, namely Qt.TopEdge, Qt.RightEdge, Qt.BottomEdge, and Qt.LeftEdge.
• Popup.contentItem contains the component that will form the content of your drawer.

import QtQuick
import QtQuick.Layouts
import QtQuick.Controls as Controls
import org.kde.kirigami as Kirigami

Kirigami.ApplicationWindow {
    title: "Drawers App"
    width: 400
    height: 600
    pageStack.initialPage: Kirigami.Page {
        title: "OverlayDrawer at the bottom"
        actions: [
            Kirigami.Action {
                text: "Open bottomDrawer"
                onTriggered: bottomDrawer.open()
            }
        ]
        Kirigami.OverlayDrawer {
            id: bottomDrawer
            edge: Qt.BottomEdge
            // Imposta modale a falso per rendere questo cassetto in linea!
            modal: true

            contentItem: RowLayout {
                Controls.Label {
                    Layout.fillWidth: true
                    text: "Say hello to my little drawer!"
                }
                Controls.Button {
                    text: "Close"
                    onClicked: bottomDrawer.close()
                }
            }
        }
    }
}